Java 1.9x faster.
1.9x faster.
No Spring required.
ZeroMCP vs spring-ai-mcp — HTTP benchmarks.
Throughput
4.51K req/s ZeroMCP
vs. 2.44K req/s spring-ai-mcp
Memory
200 MB ZeroMCP
vs. 284 MB spring-ai-mcp
HTTP Performance — Head to Head
Same hello tool. Same methodology. 5-minute sustained load in Docker. Javalin for ZeroMCP, Spring Boot for spring-ai-mcp.
req/s p50 p99 Memory CPU
ZeroMCP (Javalin) 4.51K 0.21ms ~1ms 200 MB 0.16%
spring-ai-mcp 2.44K 0.32ms 0.97ms 284 MB 0.22%
The tradeoff
Choose spring-ai-mcp
If you already live in the Spring ecosystem. Auto-configuration, dependency injection, familiar annotation patterns.
- Spring auto-configuration
- Dependency injection built in
- Familiar annotation patterns
Choose ZeroMCP
If you want to stay lean. One JAR, no Spring, 1.9x faster, 84 MB less memory.
- 1 dependency (gson)
- Plain java.net.http — no framework lock-in
- Javalin HTTP embedding
- Built-in sandbox with enforced permissions
- 4.51K req/s on Javalin